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Canada is located in North America. It has ten provinces and three territories and extends from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean, making it the world's second-largest country by total area (after Russia), along with the world's longest coastline. Its border is with the United States, and is the world's longest international land border. It is a sparsely inhabited country of just over 41 million people, with the vast majority residing south of the 55th parallel in urban areas. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver. The country is a Commonwealth realm and is officially bilingual in the federal jurisdiction, while French and English are its official languages. But it's one of the world's most ethnically diverse and multicultural nations, thanks to large-scale immigration. Canada's long and complex relationship with the United States has had a significant impact on its history, economy, and culture.

 

The 2021 Canadian census enumerated a total population of 36,991,981, an increase of around 5.2 percent over the 2016 figure. It is estimated that Canada's population surpassed 40,000,000 in 2023. The main drivers of population growth are immigration and, to a lesser extent, natural growth. About 80 percent of the population lives within 150 kilometers (93 mi) of the border with the contiguous United States. Canada sees over 80 percent of its population living in urban centers. The most densely populated part of the country, which accounts for nearly 50 percent of the population, is the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor in Southern Quebec and Southern Ontario along the Great Lakes and the St. Lawrence River.

 

Climate wise, because of units location on Earth, it's mainly a cold place. Average winter and summer high temperatures across Canada vary from region to region. Winters can be harsh in many parts of the country, particularly in the interior and Prairie provinces, where daily average temperatures are near −15°C (5°F), but can drop to below −40°C (−40°F) with severe wind chills. The coldest temperature ever recorded in North America happen in Canada, in Snag, Yukon, where  the temp dropped to -63° C (-81.4°F). The coldest place in Canada based on average yearly temperature is Eureka, Nunavut, where the temperature averages at −19.7°C or −3.5°F for the year. Coastal British Columbia is the country's warmest area, and normally sees a mild and rainy winter. On the east and west coasts, average high temperatures are generally in the low 20s°C (70s°F), while between the coasts, the average summer high temperature ranges from 25 to 30°C (77 to 86°F), with temperatures in some interior locations occasionally exceeding 40°C (104°F).

 

Snowfall wise, Canada is the second snowiest country on Earth (Japan is first). Canada's annual average total is 3.5 meters (141 inches). The highest average yearly snowfall in Canada, falls in Woody Point, Newfoundland, averaging more than 6.4 meters (21 feet or 251 inches) of snow every winter. Forest Montmorency, Quebec is a close second, with annual totals around 6.1 meters (20 feet). British Columbia’s mountains receive even higher totals. In non-coastal regions, snow can cover the ground for almost six months of the year, while in parts of the far north, snow can persist year-round, with its farthest northern regions covered by ice and permafrost. 


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Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada
 (From https://www.niagarafallslive.com/)

 

Niagara Falls, Ontario, is a Canadian city at the famous waterfalls of the same name, linked with the U.S. by the Rainbow Bridge. Its site on the Niagara River's western shore overlooks the Horseshoe Falls, the cascades' most expansive section. Elevators take visitors to a lower, wetter vantage point behind the falls. A cliffside park features a promenade alongside 520-ft.-high Skylon Tower with an observation deck.

 

As of the 2021 census, the city had a population of 94,415. The city is located on the Niagara Peninsula along the western bank of the Niagara River, which forms part of the Canada–United States border, with the other side being the twin city of Niagara Falls, New York. The city sees cold winters, with a average January high of −0.4°C (31.3°F) and a low of −7.8°C (18.0°F). However, temperatures above 0°C (32.0°F) are common during winter, too. The average annual snowfall is 154 centimetres (61 inches), in which it often receives lake effect snow from both lakes Erie and Ontario. Summers are warm to hot and humid, with a July high of 27.4°C (81.3°F) and a low of 17°C (62.6°F). The average annual precipitation is 970.2 millimetres (38 inches), which is relatively evenly distributed throughout the year.

 

For the falls themselves, Niagara Falls (/naɪˈæɡərə/) is a group of three waterfalls at the southern end of Niagara Gorge, formed by the Niagara River, spanning the border between the province of Ontario in Canada and the state of New York in the United States. The largest of the three is Horseshoe Falls, which straddles the international border of the two countries. It is also known as the Canadian Falls.The smaller American Falls and Bridal Veil Falls lie within the United States. Bridal Veil Falls is separated from Horseshoe Falls by Goat Island and from American Falls by Luna Island, with both islands situated in New York.

 

The enormous energy of Niagara Falls has long been recognized as a potential source of power. The first known effort to harness the waters was in 1750, and it's still being used for this purpous today. In 1853, the Niagara Falls Hydraulic Power and Mining Company was chartered, which eventually constructed the canals that would be used to generate electricity. By 1881, the first hydroelectric generating station was built. The water fell 86 feet (26 meters) and generated direct current electricity, which ran the machinery of local mills and lit up some of the village streets.

 


Peace Bridge, USA and Canada
(from Peace Bridge Authority)

 

The Peace Bridge (its length is 5,800 feet [1.8 km]). is an international bridge over the Niagara River between Canada and the United States, located just north of the river's source at the east end of Lake Erie about 20 kilometers (12.4 miles) upriver of Niagara Falls. It connects Buffalo, New York, in the United States to Fort Erie, Ontario, in Canada. It is operated and maintained by the bi-national Buffalo and Fort Erie Public Bridge Authority. The building of the Peace Bridge was in part to recognize over 100 years of peace and prosperity between the U.S. and Canada. Its construction started in 1925 and it was completed in the spring of 1927. On March 13, 1927, the first car was driven across the bridge. Today, its the second most heavily used border crossing between the United States and Canada, with over one million trucks crossing it each year and in turn because of the traffic, delays of up to almost four hours happens at times.

 

There are customs plazas at both ends of the bridge, with the Canadian plaza the larger of the two. The inbound customs plaza in the United States has seven lanes for trucks and nine for cars. Pedestrians and cyclists are processed to the left of the truck inspection area. The inbound customs plaza in Canada has 14 booths/lanes for cars and a separate area for trucks. Pedestrians and cyclists are processed in an area on the right side of the inspection area for cars. Once vehicles leave the customs plaza in Canada, vehicles approach a smaller toll plaza to pay toll for using the Peace Bridge. The above cam shows Canada Bound traffic from the USA side.

 



Daniel's Harbour, Newfoundland/Labrador Canada
(from Newfoundland Labrador)

 

Daniel's Harbour is a community on the west coast of Newfoundland, in the province of Newfoundland and Labrador. Its population as reported by the 2021 Census was 220 people. It has a reputation as a great place for wild whale sightings. With a land area of 7.68 km2 (2.97 sq mi), it had a population density of 28.6/km2 (74.2/sq mi) in 2021.

 

Daniel's Harbour has a subarctic climate with June temperatures often under 10°C (50°F) due to extreme seasonal lag caused by the cold Labrador Current. Summers are cool to mild while winters are freezing cold. Precipitation is heavy year round, though less heavy during the spring. The highest temperature ever seen here was  28°C (50°F) and the all time record low is -39.4°C (-39.9°F).

 


Toronto, Ontario, Canada
(From TorontoCNTowerLive)

 

Cam shows panoramic view over Toronto in Canada. Toronto, the capital of the province of Ontario, is a major Canadian city along Lake Ontario’s northwestern shore. It is the most populous city in Canada and is the capital city of the Canadian province of Ontario. With a population of 2,794,356 in 2021, it is the fourth-most populous city in all of North America with its meto area's population at 6,202,225.

 

The city of Toronto has a hot summer humid continental climate with warm, humid summers and cold winters with frequent snow. Weather records go back all the way to 1840 and show that the highest temperature ever recorded in Toronto was 40.6°C (105°F) on July 8, 9 and 10, 1936, during the 1936 North American heat wave. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −32.8°C (−27°F) on January 10, 1859. The city sees 714.0 mm (28.1 inches) of rain a year and 121.5 cm (47.8 inches) of snow each winter on average. 

 


Calgary, Alberta, Canada

(from DELTATECH)

 

Calgary (/ˈkælɡriː/ KAL-gree) is the largest city in the Canadian province of Alberta. It is the largest metro area within the three prairie provinces. As of 2021, the city proper had a population of 1,306,784 and a metropolitan population of 1,481,806, making it the third-largest city and fifth-largest metropolitan area in Canada.  Calgary is situated at the confluence of the Bow River and the Elbow River in the southwest of the province, in the area between the Rocky Mountain Foothills and the Canadian Prairies, about 80 km (50 mi) east of the front ranges of the Canadian Rockies, roughly 299 km (186 mi) south of the provincial capital of Edmonton and approximately 240 km (150 mi) north of the Canada–United States border.

 

Winters are cold in Calgary, as the air temperature drops to or below −20°C (−4°F) on average, but temps are also frequently broken up by warm, dry chinook winds that blow into Alberta over the mountains. These winds can raise the winter temperature by 20°C (36°F) in just a very short timespare. In summer, daytime temperatures range from 10 to 25°C (50 to 77°F) and exceed 30°C (86°F) an average of 5.1 days in June, July, and August, and occasionally as late as September or as early as May, and in winter drop below or at −30°C (−22°F) on 3.7 days of the year. Precip wise, the city receives an average of 418.8 mm (16.49 in) of precipitation annually, with 326.4 mm (12.85 in) of that occurring in the form of rain, and 128.8 cm (50.7 in) as snow. The most rainfall occurs in June and the most snowfall in March. Calgary has also recorded snow every month of the year. It last snowed in July on July 15, 1999.

 

 


View of Three Sisters, Alberta, Canada

(From CanmoreAlberta.com)

 

The Three Sisters are a trio of peaks near Canmore, Alberta, Canada. They are known individually as Big Sister, Middle Sister and Little Sister. Big Sister is 2,956 meters (9,698 feet) high; Middle Sister tops out at  2,768 meters (9,081 feet) and Little Sister is at 2,694 meters (8,839 feet). Hiking wise, Big Sister is a moderate scramble on its southwestern slopes and is very steep, while Middle Sister is an easy scramble from Stewart Creek. Little Sister is a more difficult ascent requiring technical climbing skills. The Three Sisters Traverse is an obscure and dangerous climb seldom done.

 

Located in the southern Canmore mountain area, there are many different wildlife groups here. Wildlife species include but are not limited to grizzly bears, wolverines, lynxes, wolves, cougars, elk, moose, and bighorn sheep. In particular, the grizzly bear, lynx, and wolverine are considered endangered in this region.

 


Main Street, Canmore, Alberta, Canada
 (From CanmoreAlberta.com)

 

Canmore is a town in Alberta, Canada, located approximately 81 kilometres (50 miles) west of Calgary near the southeast boundary of Banff National Park. It is located in the Bow Valley within Alberta's Rocky Mountains. With a population of 15,990 in 2021, Canmore is the ninth-largest town in Alberta. Much of the Canmore area has been designated a wildlife corridor. This corridor allows animals such as bears, cougars, wolves, and elk to move between habitat patches, where they can find food, escape predators, breed, give birth, and establish territories.

 

Canmore's climate is relatively mild compared to some other regions of Alberta. It does not have an Environment Canada weather observation station, but the nearby town of Banff has an average high of −3.1°C (26°F) in January, with relatively low humidity. Summers are short with daytime temperatures ranging from 18 to 22°C (64 to 72°F).

 

Nordic Centre, Canmore, Canada
 (From CanmoreAlberta.com)

 

The Canmore Nordic Centre is home to Canada's National Nordic Ski Teams, Cross Country and Biathlon as well as a favourite facility for the recreational skier. Summertime, the trail system provides fun and challenge Mountain Bike adventures and races. Webcam sponsor, Trail Sports provides sales and rentals year round.

 

 
Bison Calving - Grasslands National Park, Canada
(from Explore Bears & Bison)

 

Grasslands National Park is located on the Southern Saskatchewan prairie landscape. Evidence of those who came before us is at your feet. Dinosaur fossils, the mass extinction boundary, hearth sites, tipi rings, bison drive lanes, and cellar depressions are set among today’s living prairie.

 

The west block of Canada's Grasslands National Park is a great spot to see bison all year round, including when they calve in the spring months.  

 

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Clyde River Airport, Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada
(From WxCam)

 

Located approximately four degrees north of the Arctic Circle on Baffin Island and also known as Kangiqtugaapik ("nice little inlet"). Surrounded by fjords and the Barnes Icecap. Known for its wildlife, including polar bears and narwhals (more on this below). The community of Clyde River is nearby and serves as a regional center. Clyde River is an Inuit hamlet on the shore of Baffin Island's Patricia Bay, off Kangiqtugaapik, an arm of Davis Strait in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It lies in the Baffin Mountains which in turn form part of the Arctic Cordillera mountain range. The community is served by air and by annual supply sealift. In the 2021 Canadian census, Clyde River had a population of 1,181 living in 258 of its 278 total private dwellings, a change from its 2001 population of 785, so the area is a growing community with a land area of 103.38 km2 (39.92 sq. mi).

 

The mountains, icebergs and glaciers in the Clyde River area attract rock and ice climbers from around the world. There is also a multitude of animals to be seen, including barren-ground caribou, narwhals, polar bears and other sea mammals. The proposed "Igaliqtuuq National Wildlife Area", which would be a protected bowhead whale sanctuary, is located in Isabella Bay.

 

This is a very cold area, as anyone with a working brain can imagine. The area has a tundra climate classification. The coldest temperature ever seen here since 1933 when records were first kept, is -63°C (-81.4°F), which occurred on February 3, 1947, and this reading is also the coldest temperature ever recorded in Canada's history and a record-breaking low for all of North America. The warmest temperature ever seen is 22.2°C (72.0°F), set on July 15th 1992.  This area also sees a good deal of snow, with annual readings of 194.7 cm (76.7 inches), along with 100.4 days a year with snow where at least ≥ 0.2 cm of snow as accumulated on the ground. Snowfall can and does fall in all 12 months a year. But it does rain here too, mainly from June until September covering 22 days a year (≥ 0.2 mm) with a yearly rainfall of around 63.3 cc (2.49 inches). So light rain at most every summer, every so often. Two last notes, it is of course dark 24 hours a day from November thru January when the sun does not rise above the horizon. Its polar night starts when the sun sets on November 22 and does not rise again until January 19 of the following year. On the other hand, April is its sunniest month of the year and Clyde River sees continuous light from May 14 to July 28.

 

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Pangnirtung, Nunavut, Canada

(From WxCam) 

 

Pangnirtung (or Pang) is an Inuit hamlet in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut, located on Baffin Island. The community is located about 45 kilometers (28 miles) south of the Arctic Circle, is roughly 600 km (370 miles) across Baffin Bay from Greenland, and about 2,700 km (1,700 mi) from the North Pole. Pangnirtung is situated on a coastal plain at the coast of Pangnirtung Fjord, a fjord which eventually merges with Cumberland Sound.

 

There is some confusion about the village name. Residents say the real name is Pangniqtuuq, which means "the place of many bull caribou". Early in 2005 residents voted against officially changing the name of the village to the native one, as Pangnirtung has achieved an international reputation. Its residents have created high-quality traditional arts in sculpture, as well as adaptation of themes and design in printmaking and weaving. Pangnirtung is also nicknamed the Switzerland of the Arctic. In the 2021 Canadian census, Pangnirtung had a population of 1,504 living in 396 of its 456 total private dwellings, a change of 1.6% from its 2016 population of 1,481. With a land area of 7.98 km2 (3.08 sq. mi), it had a population density of 188.5/km2 (488.1/sq. mi) in 2021.

 

Pangnirtung has a tundra climate with very short, cool summers and long, cold winters lasting almost the entire year. Coldest temperature ever seen here was −44.2°C (−47.7°F). This temperature was recorded in March 1994, while its warmest reading was flat out hot at 30°C (86°F) on June 16, 1984. Based on the provided search results and checking official records, there isn't a specific record for the highest accumulated snowfall ever recorded in Pangnirtung, since such records aren't kept. But search results indicate that Pangnirtung experienced a record-breaking blizzard with high winds (up to 135 km/h) (84 mph) in December 2020 that brought very heavy snow. The average yearly snowfall for Pangnirtung, is 371 centimeters (12.1 feet, or 146 inches). They also see 42.68 mm (1.70 inches) of rain here each summer. But this rain data only goes back to 1995.

 

 

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Alaska Hwy (at km 1650/1025 mi mark ), Slims River, Yukon, Canada
(from yukon.ca)

 

The Slims River (Ä’äy Chù) was a glacially fed river in the Canadian territory of Yukon. The Slims River was purportedly named after a pack horse that drowned while attempting to ford the stream during the 1903 Kluane gold rush. Over the course of a few days in the spring of 2016 the flow of the river was changed. Where the meltwater of the Kaskawulsh Glacier had been draining in two directions, now it was all draining into the south-flowing Kaskawulsh River, and further on into the Gulf of Alaska, drastically reducing the size of the Slims. Researchers suggested the change in flow was due to manmade climate change; the first time manmade climate change was implicated in the reorganization of a river.

 


Whistler Resort, Canada
(from Tourism Whister)

Whistler webcams are located on Whistler and Blackcomb Mountains in Whistler Village, and their camera views change from time to time.

 

Whistler and Blackcomb Mountains are two adjacent mountains forming the Whistler Blackcomb ski resort. They are known for their extensive terrain, varied activities, and vibrant village. The area experience a subalpine climate, characterized by cold, snowy winters and warm, dry summers. It's known for its reliable snowfall, averaging around 11.9 meters (39.1 feet or 468.5 inches) annually. Temperatures in the village typically range from -8°C to 3°C (-18°F to 37°F) in winter and 9°C to 27°C (48°F to 81°F) in summer. 



White Rock, British Columbia, Canada
(From COWhiteRock)

This webcam is from East Beach, a coastal area along Semiahmoo Bay in White Rock, British Columbia. The beach features a long promenade, sandy shores, and views of Mount Baker. White Rock is a city in British Columbia, Canada, and a member municipality of the Metro Vancouver Regional District. It is bordered by Semiahmoo Bay to the south and is surrounded on three sides by Surrey. To the southeast across a footbridge lies the Semiahmoo First Nation, which is within the borders of Surrey. Semiahmoo Bay and the Southern Gulf Islands in the Strait of Georgia are also to the south.

 

White Rock's climate is moderate year-round. Because the city is set away from the Coast Mountains, it sees less fog, fewer rainy days and shorter snowfalls. The highest temperature here was 38.5°C (101.2°F) set on June 28, 2021, while the coldest temp was −14.5°C (6.1°F), which occurred on January 12, 2024. Average precipation per year is 1,105.8 mm (43.54 in). Average snowfall per season is 30.4 cm (12.0 in).

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Deep Cove, Vancouver, Canada
 (From Paddler's Paradise)

 

Deep Cove is a small bay near Vancouver (13 kilometers/8.1 miles away), that shares its name with its next-door neighbor community in the easternmost part of the District of North Vancouver, in British Columbia. It is affectionately referred to as "The Cove" by local residents. Deep Cove's bay is known as a Paddler's Paradise. Located at the foot of Mount Seymour, Deep Cove faces due east, fronting onto Indian Arm, a branch of the Burrard Inlet. The area is the traditional territory of the Tsleil-Waututh and Squamish Nations. Deep Cove is 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) from downtown Vancouver.

 

Deep Cove, British Columbia, Canada experiences a moderate, oceanic climate with mild, rainy winters and warm, dry summers. The region is known for frequent cloudy and overcast skies, especially during the late fall, winter, and spring. Summer months are typically dry and modestly warm. Still, the region is known for rain during the fall, winter, and spring months. Its average annual rainfall of approximately 252 centimeters (around 92 inches), significantly more than the average for Vancouver as a whole, which is around 146 centimeters (58 inches). There are no records available for snowfall amounts and also for record highs and low temperatures for this area.

 


Long Beach, Tofino, Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada

(From Long Beach Lodge Resort) 

 

Tofino beach front resort is located on Vancouver Island's rugged West Coast. The resort is set amongst the native coastal vegetation and takes full advantage of the expansive sandy beach and the open ocean with wild west coast surf. Tofino, a small district, sprawls on a peninsula within Clayoquot Sound, characterized by wild natural scenery including lakes, inlets and ancient rainforest.

 

The climate is marine west coast. Precipitation is concentrated in the winter, which is a characteristic of Coastal British Columbia. The following weather facts comes from the town of Tofino, on the northern tip of the island and just up the road a bit from this resort on the Island's western coast. The annual amount of precipitation a year is very high indeed, at 3,270.7 mm (128.8 in), yet since most of the precip that falls is rain, the average amount of snowfall they see in only 33.3 cm (13.1 in). The highest temperature ever recorded in Tofino was 35.4°C (95.7°F) on June 28, 2021. The coldest temperature ever recorded was −15.0°C (5°F) on January 30, 1969. So it isn't too cold here at all, with an average winter temperature reading of 9.5°C (49.1°F). In the summertime, it's very cool here with the average temp just a bit warmer than it is in winter with a reading of at 13.2°C (55.8°F) each summer afternoon.  

 

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